Meningococcal Meningitis Fact Sheet

What is meningococcal disease and why is it dangerous?
Meningococcal meningitis is a bacterial infection that can cause severe swelling of the brain and spinal cord. It is potentially very dangerous because it is rare and is often mistaken for a minor cold or the flu, and is often ignored. One out of five people who develop this disease will die.

What are the Symptoms?
The symptoms can vary widely. Fever, headache, stiff neck, fatigue, nausea, and a red rash on the arms and legs are common. Most people do not develop all of these symptoms. Symptoms usually develop rapidly, sometimes in a matter of a few hours. Symptoms usually appear within 2 to 10 days after exposure. Serious complications can be reduced with early diagnosis and treatment.

Who is at risk?
Anyone can get meningitis. Most people do not become seriously ill. It is more common in children and young adults. Compared to other people their age, college freshman that live in the dorms are at modestly increased risk.

How is the bacterium that causes meningococcal disease spread?
The bacterium is spread by direct, close contact with respiratory and oral secretions (saliva, sputum, or nasal mucus) of an infected person. Close contacts include household members, day care contacts, and anyone exposed to the patient’s oral or nasal excretions. Many people carry this bacterium in their nose and throat without signs of illness, while others develop serious symptoms. Infected persons should be excluded from school, work, and etc. until at least 24 hours after beginning therapy and the illness has subsided.

What is the treatment?
Antibiotics are the treatment of choice.

How can I reduce my chances of becoming infected?
Practice good hand washing, don’t share drinks or kiss people that are ill. Also there is a vaccine to protect against four of the groups of meningococcus.

Where can I get vaccinated and what is the cost?
Currently the vaccine is available at the Sedgwick County Health Department For 90$. It is not available at the Cowley County Health Department. Some physicians are providing it upon request, but most do not routinely carry it.

Please contact Janet Bogel, Director of Health Services with further questions.
Hours Monday – Friday 8:00-4:30 Phone 620-441-5236